The first task is to find the leading sentence.

Heating of the earth near the equator leads to large amounts of convection along the monsoon trough or Intertropical convergence zone.

This paragraph introduces the topic of discussion – heating of the earth and air mass it produces.

The second paragraph connects to this through “This air mass…”.

The subsequent paragraphs explain how this air mass moves through the atmosphere in a step by step manner.

The first paragraph is:

International law is the set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations.

This introduces the main topic – International law.

The second paragraph links to this through “It” which refers to International law.

The third paragraph talks how national law might become international law. In the previous paragraph there is a mention of how international law doesn’t apply to private citizens. Therefore the talk about national law in the next paragraph makes sense. The final paragraph is about the impact of some treaties on national law. The point to note here is that each paragraph links to something from the previous paragraph.

The first paragraphs is:

Life cycle impacts can also be categorized under the several phases of the development, production, use, and disposal of a product. 

This introduces the topic – categories of life cycle impacts.

The next paragraph names these categories. The following three paragraphs describe each category one by one.

The first paragraph is:

Boards of nonprofit organizations are required to exert due diligence in ensuring that the organizations they govern are achieving their missions effectively and efficiently. 

This introduces the theme – due diligence by boards of nonprofits. The next paragraphs refers to requirements which the first paragraph talks about.

The third paragraph provides more reasons for the due diligence done by the boards. The final paragraph then turns to how the board members are also accountable, just as the previous paragraphs describes how they hold their organizations accountable.

The first paragraph is:

Cloverleaf interchanges, viewed from overhead or on maps, resemble the leaves of a four-leaf clover or less often a 3-leaf clover.

This begins the discussion about cloverleaf interchanges.

The second paragraph gives more information about their origin.

The third paragraph has “they” which refers to cloverleaf interchanges discussed earlier. The fourth paragraph talks about their advantage and the final paragraph discusses the impact of this advantage.

As always remember the simple rule – for each paragraph try to find out the word or the concept that links it to the paragraph before.

The first paragraph is:

Agenda-setting theory describes the ability of the news media to influence the importance placed on the topics of the public agenda.

This introduces the agenda-setting theory.

The next paragraph has “it” which refers to the theory discussed in the first paragraph.

The third paragraph begins with “that is” and explains the second paragraph further.

The final paragraph talks about a result of this theory. Paragraphs related to definition and explanation come together and after that we have the result. This is another point to keep in mind. The paragraphs which contain similar type of information or have a common purpose come together.

The first paragraph is:

Over the years, institutions have made massive investments in adding technologies to support lecturing. 

This paragraph introduces the them – investments in technologies to support lecturing.

The second paragraph then gives some examples of these technologies.

The third paragraph further talks about some of the technologies that have been tried.

The fourth paragraph is about the result of these initiatives i.e. despite all these initiatives, there hasn’t been much change.

The final paragraph then just states how the things have remained, in the absence of change.

Thing to remember – the paragraphs will have some relation between them, either through words such as pronouns or some logical relationship in the way the information flows from paragraph to another.

The first paragraph is:

Sharing economy is an umbrella term with a range of meanings, often used to describe economic activity involving online transactions.

This introduces the topic – sharing economy.

The second paragraph talks about “the term”, which refers to the term introduced in the previous paragraph – sharing economy.

The third paragraph has “these” which refers to the sales transactions mentioned in the second.

The fourth paragraph explains the effect of these definitions, as it begins with “For this reason”.

The final paragraph begins with “However” and takes the other side of what is explained in the fourth paragraph.

The first paragraph is:

A ceramic material is an inorganic, non-metallic, often crystalline oxide, nitride or carbide material. 

This introduces the topic – ceramic materials.

The next paragraph gives us some examples of ceramic materials.

The next three paragraphs them describe the properties of ceramic materials.

They key concept to keep in mind in such questions is – paragraphs with similar information come together. Sometimes you have paragraphs containing similar information. In such cases you should put them in various orders and see which seems most natural.

The first paragraph is:

Modern-day statistics show the oceanic whitetip shark as seldom being involved in unprovoked attacks. 

This introduces the theme – attacks involving oceanic whitetip sharks

The second paragraph begins with “However” and is an exception to the statement made in the first paragraph. 

The third paragraph is about “recorded incidents” which refers to “number of attacks” mentioned in second paragraph.

The final paragraph gives an explanation for the presence of these sharks at the accident sites.